Previous year question solution
Relational and logical operators:
All the relational, equality and logical operators are
binary except !(not) and they take two operands and yield either int value 1 or
int value 0.
a. Relational operators:
All the
relational operators are binary operators and they yield either int value 1 or
int value 0 to represent true or false respectively. In the following
expression
a<b
if a is less than
b then expression returns int value 1 (true) but if a is not less than b then
the expression returns int value 0 (false). Mathematically the expression
a<b is equivalent to a-b<0.
The equivalent
expressions of the other relational expression are:
a<b is equivalent to a-b<0
a>b is equivalent to a-b>0
a>=b is equivalent to a-b>=0
a<=b is equivalent to a-b<=0
example:
if int p=1, q=5,
r=-7, and char c=’a’ then the result of the following expression becomes
expression equivalent
expression value
p-3 <=
p+q (p-3) <= (p+q) 1
‘b’ + 1 <
c (‘b’ =1)
< c
0
p>r+5 p>
(r+5) 1
p+r*2>=q-6
(p+(r*3))>=(q-6) 0
b. Logical operators:
The logical operator && (and) and || (or) are
binary and the operator ! (not) is unary.
The logical operator && (and) and || (or) are
binary operator and they yield either int value 1 or int value 0 to represent
true or false respect.
ively.The logical not (!) operator is unary operator
and can be applied for any expression. The not (!) operator return int value 0 if
the operand is non zero and return int value 1 if the operand has zero value.
Example of logical not (!):
if int p=5, q=5,
float a=1.2, b=0.0 then the result of
the following expression becomes
expression equivalent expression value
! (p-q) !
(p-q)
0
! p-q (!p)
-q
-5
! ! q ! (!
q)
1
! ! (a+b) ! ( ! (a+b)
)
2
Example of
logical operator(&&) and (||):
if int p=3, q=7,
r=2 and char c=’D’ then the result of
the following expression becomes
expression equivalent
expression value
p && q
&& r
(p && q) && r 1
p<q &&
c>’B’ (
p<q) &&( c>’B’) 1
p<q ||
r>5
(p<q )|| (r>5 ) 1
1. C program to find factorial of number.VVI
/* C Program to Find Factorial of a Number */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, n, fact=1;
printf("\nEnter any number
to Find Factorial\n");
scanf("%d", &n);
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
fact = fact * i;
}
printf("\nFactorial of %d =
%d\n", n, fact);
return 0;
}
Rough:
N =5
5*4*3*2*1=120
I=1, 1<=5,true
Fact=1*1=1
I=2, 2<=5,tue
Fact=1*2=2
I=3, 3<=5,true
Fact=2*3=6
I=4, 4<=5,true
Fact=6*4=24
I=5, 5<=5
Fact=24*5=120
I=6, 6<=5
False
2. C program to reverse a number.VVV
/* C Program to reverse a number */
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, rev = 0, r;
printf("Enter a number:
");
scanf("%d", &n);
while (n != 0) {
r = n % 10;
rev = rev * 10 + r;
n = n/10;
}
printf("Reversed number =
%d", rev);
return 0;
}
Rough:
N =123
Step1:
r = 123 % 10;
r=3
rev = 0 * 10 + 3;
rev=3
n = 12/10;
n =12
r = 12 % 10;
r=2
rev = 3* 10 + 2;
rev=32
n = 1/10;
r =1%10;
r=1
rev=32*10+1
rev=321
num=0/10
3. C program to palindrome a number.VVVI
/* C Program to check whether a number is palindrome or not */
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, rev = 0, r, temp;
printf("Enter an integer
number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
temp = n;
// reversed integer is stored
in rev
while (n != 0) {
r = n % 10;
r = r * 10 + r;
n =n/ 10;
}
// palindrome if temp and rev
are equal
if (temp == rev)
printf("%d is a
palindrome.", temp);
else
printf("%d is not a
palindrome.", temp);
return 0;
}
4. C program to display Fibonacci series.VVI
/* C Program to display Fibonacci series */
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int i, n, t1 = 0, t2 = 1;
int nextTerm = t1 + t2;
printf("Enter the number
of terms: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Fibonacci Series:
%d, %d, ", t1, t2);
for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
printf("%d, ",
nextTerm);
t1 = t2;
t2 = nextTerm;
nextTerm = t1 + t2;
}
return 0;
}
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